Research of the dynamic operation of railway bridges spans

The study of the dynamic operation of span structures of bridges under the influence of a high-speed temporary railway load is necessary for the correct modeling of oscillatory processes that occur in the structures of a bridge structure. Creation of complete computational models of dynamic interaction of the bridge – track – train system makes it possible to determine the permissible speeds of high-speed trains both on bridge structures in operation and for bridges under design. The article presents the results of experimental studies obtained during field dynamic tests of steel-reinforced concrete superstructures of a bridge structure located on the St. Petersburg – Moscow railway line during the passage of the high-speed train Sapsan. During the field experiment, measurements were made of accelerations and displacements that occur in the structures of superstructures under the influence of high-speed rolling stock. With further processing of the results of field measurements, two calculation models are considered to evaluate the dynamic operation of the structures of spans and rolling stock. As the first, a simplified model of a single span is taken, considering the impact of the rolling stock in the form of a model of successively located forces corresponding to the scheme of the rolling stock. The design scheme does not consider the stiffness and damping of the track superstructure and the dynamic parameters of the rolling stock. Considering the discrepancy between the experimental and calculated data during further research, a more complex model is considered, considering all span structures in the bridge, according to the construction scheme, stiffness and damping parameters of the track structure and rolling stock. The dynamic calculation of the interaction of the elements of the bridge – track – train system is carried out in a non-linear non-stationary formulation.
Based on the data obtained, the indicated calculation models are verified for compliance with the results obtained during a full-scale experiment, the areas of their rational application, as well as advantages and disadvantages, are determined.

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